Section 13

Works in which copyright subsists

1 - Subject to the provisions of this section and the other provisions of this Act, copyright shall subsist throughout India in the following classes of works, that is to say,

1(a) - original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works;

1(b) - cinematograph films; and

1(c) - sound recording.

2 - Copyright shall not subsist in any work specified in sub-section (1), other than a work to which the provisions of section 40 or section 41 apply, unless

2(i) - in the case of a published work, the work is first published in India, or where the work is first published outside India, the author is at the date of such publication, or in a case where the author was dead at that date, was at the time of his death, a citizen of India;

2(ii) - in the case of an unpublished work other than a work of architecture, the author is at the date of making of the work a citizen of India or domiciled in India; and

2(iii) - in the case of a work of architecture, the work is located in India.

Explanation. In the case of a work of joint authorship, the conditions conferring copyright specified in this sub-section shall be satisfied by all the authors of the work.

3 - Copyright shall not subsist

3(a) - in any cinematograph film if a substantial part of the film is an infringement of the copyright in any other work;

3(b) - in any sound recording made in respect of a literary, dramatic or musical work, if in making the sound recording, copyright in such work has been infringed.

4 - The copyright in a cinematograph film or a record shall not affect the separate copyright in any work in respect of which or a substantial part of which, the film, or, as the case may be, the sound recording is made.

5 - In the case of a work of architecture, copyright shall subsist only in the artistic character and design and shall not extend to processes or methods of construction.